This is my Mandarin Duck fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Mandarin Duck        Aix galericulata
Type of Animal:	Duck
Habitat:	Woodlands near wetlands, river valleys, forest lakes, marshland, ponds
Location(s):	China, S.E. Russia, Siberia, Japan, Taiwan & Korea. Feral populations in UK, Ireland & other parts of Europe plus in N. Carolina & California.
Appearance:	Male has red bill, white crescent above eye & reddish face and is very colorful during breeding season. Male goes into eclipse plumage w/ slight hint of blue on wingtip out of breeding season. Female much more drab & usually brownish-gray w/ pale tip on bill.
Food/Diet:	Seeds, acorns, grains, aquatic plants, insects, snails, fish, worms, mollusks, frogs, small snakes, grasses, veggies, fruit, stems, roots, nuts, crabs, refuse
Status in Wild:	Stable
Conservation:	Breeding in zoos & aviculture
Lifestyle:	Outside of breeding/nesting season, often seen in flocks of up to 60 birds. During breeding/nesting season, they break off into monogamous pairs.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Drake Hen Duckling Flock Weight: 1.5-2 lbs 1-1.5 lbs Gestation:  Life Span: 30 days Height: 1 ft Same Body Length: 1.3-1.5 ft Same 3 years in wild, up to 20 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.33-0.34 ft Same
	Main predators are tigers, bears, wolves, foxes, leopards, snow leopards, raccoon dogs, mink, otters, polecats, birds of prey, corvids, domestic cats, domestic dogs, wild felines, dholes, snakes, alligators & large predatory fish. Herons prey on ducklings.
	Possibly declining in native habitat due to habitat loss, bird trade & hunting for feathers.
	Sexually mature at a year old.
	They often nest in tree holes.
	Kept worldwide as an ornamental bird.
Fun Fact(s):	They’re not hunted for meat since their meat is not known to taste good.
	These ducks can be flighty but they’re also very friendly.
	Due to habit of mating for life (they only take new mate if 1 dies), they’re featured in Chinese/Japanese art as symbol of marital fidelity. Its symbolism also used in Chinese/Japanese weddings.

This is my Bar-Headed Goose fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Bar-Headed Goose         Anser indicus
Type of Animal:	Goose
Habitat:	Plateaus, cultivated fields, mountainous areas, steppe, grassland, marshland, lakes, wetlands
Location(s):	Breeding populations in C. Asia, China, Mongolia, Russia & Himalayas. Winters in Pakistan, India, Nepal & S.E. Asia. Introduced in UK & Canada. Vagrants seen in Palau & Guam.
Appearance:	Grayish-white w/ horseshoe-shaped, brownish-black bars on back of white head.
Food/Diet:	Grasses, grains, plants, seeds, crustaceans, insect larvae, insects, snails, small fish
Status in Wild:	Stable
Conservation:	Breeding in zoos, aviculture & wildlife parks
Lifestyle:	Usually found in flocks of up to 100 birds. However, thousands flock during migrations and colonies contain thousands of monogamous pairs.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group:   Called: Gander Goose Gosling Flock/Gaggle   Weight: 6 lbs 5 lbs 0.5 lbs Gestation:   Life Span: 30 days Height: 2.45 ft 2.35 ft     Body Length: 2.45 ft Same   15-25 years Tail Length: 0.5 ft Same
	Main predators are snow leopards, bears, tigers, leopards, foxes, wolves, dholes, domestic dogs, corvids, domestic cats, wild felines & birds of prey.
	Known for their spectacular migration from wintering to breeding grounds, flying higher than 21, 460 ft and possibly, above Mt. Everest. However, the latter has not been confirmed. Believed to be one of the world’s highest flying birds. They can migrate more than 1,000 miles in a single day. These birds fly where helicopters can’t and even kerosene can’t burn up there.
	Each female lays 3-8 eggs in a clutch.
	Sexually mature at 3 years old.
	Farmers sometimes kill them as crop pests. However, the population is believed to be increasing in some areas and decreasing in others.
Fun Fact(s):	Usually well mannered but they can become aggressive during breeding/nesting season.
	These geese have a special type of hemoglobin allowing them to absorb oxygen quicker than other birds.

This is my Red-Breasted Goose fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Red-Breasted Goose        Branta ruficollis
Type of Animal:	Goose
Habitat:	Steppe, lakes, wetlands, tundra, rocky areas, river banks, wooded tundra, sandy beaches
Location(s):	Breeds in arctic Europe, N. Russia & Siberia, winters along Black Sea, Caspian Sea, E. Mediterranean, and N. Arabian Gulf in Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey & Greece. Occasionally found in W. Europe.
Appearance:	Black & white w/ conspicuous red breast & black mask. Broad white stripe on flank.
Food/Diet:	Leaves, shoots, grass, stems, aquatic plants, tubers, wheat, barley, maize, other grains, herbs
Status in Wild:	Threatened
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos, aviculture, breeding centers & wildlife parks
Lifestyle:	During winter & migrations, they form flocks of 14-50 birds, sometimes 100 birds. During breeding/nesting season, they break off into monogamous pairs.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Gander Goose Gosling Flock/Gaggle Weight: 3-3.5 lbs 2.43-2.65 lbs Gestation:  Life Span: 25 days Height: 1.83 ft 1.75 ft Body Length: 1.83 ft 1.75 ft 15 years in wild, 25 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.083 ft Same
	Main predators are foxes, large owls, hawks, eagles & gyrfalcons. Gulls prey on goslings. Interestingly, sometimes raptors indirectly protect goose families by driving out competing raptor species, foxes & gulls (both of which raptors eat). This leads to geese nesting near but not too close to raptors. However, sometimes foxes eat raptors excluding eagles. Red-Breasted Geese often nest close to Peregrine Falcons (which don’t prey on geese but eat gulls) for protection. Peregrines also drive away foxes.
	Declining due to water/air pollution, oil exploration, habitat loss, collisions w/ human infrastructure, tourism, urban sprawl, agricultural development, persecution as crop pests, use of pesticides & hunting for meat/sport.
	These geese are rather shy in the wild, avoiding people.
	Females lay 3-10 eggs each season.
	Smallest of the European geese.
	While both parents take care of goslings, female does all incubation.
Fun Fact(s):	Modeling indicates two-thirds of its habitat could be lost by 2070.
	The population has halved in the last 10 years.
	It is rather common in captive wildfowl collections.

This is my Indian Runner Duck fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Indian Runner Duck     Anas domesticus
Type of Animal:	Duck
Habitat:	Farms, ponds
Location(s):	Originally from S.E. Asia & India. Now found worldwide.
Appearance:	Looks like bowling pin/wine bottle w/ webbed feet & very long necks. Come in many colors, such as white, black, gray, chocolate, fawn, tan, blue & pencil (fawn/white). Male has more color than female. They walk upright instead of waddling. Very small wings rendering them flightless.
Food/Diet:	Grains, grasses, duckweed, insects, worms, slugs, duck pellets, leaves, greens
Status in Wild:	Domesticated
Conservation:	Breeding in farms & aviculture. Bred for meat, eggs, and as pets.
Lifestyle:	Usually kept in flocks of 8-12 drakes w/ 24-100 females. Females & ducklings form separate maternity flocks sometimes.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Drake Hen Duckling Flock Weight: 3.5-5 lbs 3-4.4 lbs 0.5 lb Gestation: Life Span: 28 days Height: 2.16 ft 1.83 ft Body Length: 2.16-2.6 ft 2-2.3 ft 8-12 years Tail Length: 0.72-0.86 ft 0.67-0.76 ft
	Main predators are monitor lizards, domestic cats, wild felines, bears, domestic dogs, wild dogs, foxes, coyotes, wolves, jackals, snakes, birds of prey, pandas, civets, raccoons, coatis, crocodilians, chimps, baboons, monkeys, skunks, opossums, snapping turtles, large carnivorous fish & mongooses. Pigs, rats, herons & hornbills prey on ducklings.
	Imported to Europe in 16th century.
	Well-known for egg-laying ability. In fact, hens can lay up to 200 eggs a year.
	Like other ducks, they’re less disease-prone than chickens.
	Like other ducks, only the females quack. Drakes have a hoarse whisper.
	During breeding season, drakes will gang rape hens, sometimes drowning/pecking them to death.
Fun Fact(s):	They get their name due to habit of running away from predators.
	They’re very excitable and nervous ducks. They can also be quite friendly.

This is my White-Crested Laughing Thrush fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	White-Crested Laughing Thrush  Garrulax leucolophus
Type of Animal:	Songbird
Habitat:	Montane forest, rainforest, bamboo forest, shrubland, plantations, tropical deciduous forest, evergreen forest, hill forest, gardens
Location(s):	Himalayan foothills to S.E. Asia
Appearance:	Prominent white crest/head w/ black-gray beak/mask, red iris, grayish feathers & brownish underbelly. Smaller crest on female.
Food/Diet:	Fruits, seeds, insects, nectar, lizards, eggs, veggies, worms, spiders, berries, young snakes, snails, young mice
Status in Wild:	Stable
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos & aviculture
Lifestyle:	Family flocks consist of monogamous pair w/ up to 3 successive clutches of offspring. Older chicks help younger chicks.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group:   Called: Cock Hen Chick Flock   Weight: 0.26 lbs Same   Gestation:   Life Span: 15 days Height: 0.5-0.6 ft Same     Body Length: 0.7-0.9 ft Same   12 years in wild, up to 20 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.3 ft Same
	Main predators are monitor lizards, tigers, clouded leopards, leopards, hornbills, bears, foxes, civets, domestic cats, wildcats, fishing cats, jungle cats, red pandas & snakes.
	They’re very noisy birds, w/ every flock member making territorial calls.
	They sometimes mob attack hornbills.
	Stable but possibly declining due to habitat loss & pet trade.
Fun Fact(s):	They’re very friendly & bold birds.
	They can be rather competitive w/ other bird species during breeding season.

This is my Babirusa fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Babirusa             Babyrousa babyrussa
Type of Animal:	Wild Pig
Habitat:	Rainforest, river forest, swamp forest
Location(s):	Indonesian islands of Sulawesi, Togian, Sula, and Buru
Appearance:	Boars have long upper canine tusks curving backward over front of face w/ lower canines growing in front of face. Tusks almost absent in sows. Gray coloration w/ pinkish belly on both sexes.
Food/Diet:	Leaves, fruit, berries, roots, insect larvae, seeds, nuts, tubers, carrion, invertebrates, buds, grass, small vertebrates, eggs. Cannibalism reported on newborn piglets by adults other than mom.
Status in Wild:	Endangered
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos, wildlife parks & breeding centers
Lifestyle:	Usually found in small groups consisting of 1-4 sows (always related to each other) & offspring plus a boar. Younger related boars found in small bachelor groups, nonbreeding adult boars are solitary.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Boar Sow Piglet Sounder Weight: 198 lbs 132 lbs 10 lbs Gestation:  Life Span: 5.3 months Height: 2.6 ft 2.13 ft Body Length: 3.6 ft 3.3 ft 10 years in wild, up to 24 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.95 ft Same
	Main predators of adults are pythons & feral dogs. Civets & occasionally, strange male babirusas, prey on piglets.
	Sexually mature at 10 months old.
	Endangered due to logging, habitat loss, hunting for meat/sport/tusks, persecution as crop pests, and forest fires.
	Piglets stay w/ group for 8-10 months. Unlike other pigs, only 1 or 2 piglets born in litter.
	Fights between boars often lead to death due to injuries inflicted by lower tusks. The upper tusks serve mostly for display.
	They clatter teeth when excited & communicate by low grunts/moans.
	They’re rather fast animals.
	They wallow to get rid of insects/parasites.
	They sharpen their lower tusks on trees.
Fun Fact(s):	Indonesian people have based masks on Babirusa’s appearance & even give dead ones as gifts.
	They’re known to be very flighty/nervous, though mothers will attack if piglets are threatened.
	There’s some dispute between Jews/Muslims whether these animals are kosher or not, since it has cloven hooves & 4-chambered stomach like a ruminant but it’s a pig.
	They’re also called “pig deer.”
	There’s also some dispute whether these animals are more related to pigs or to hippos.

This is my Nicobar Pigeon fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Nicobar Pigeon       Caloenas nicobarica
Type of Animal:	Pigeon/Dove
Habitat:	Rainforest, swamp forest, mangrove forest
Location(s):	Nicobar Islands E. through Malay Archipelago to Solomon Islands and Palau up to Phillipines.
Appearance:	Mainly green-blue w/ dark gray breast, black bill & red legs. Red iris in females, brown iris in males & sub-adults. White tail present on adults.
Food/Diet:	Berries, seeds, insects, fruit, grains
Status in Wild:	Stable
Conservation:	Breeding in zoos, breeding centers & aviculture
Lifestyle:	Often found in flocks of 80-100 birds. During breeding/nesting season, they nest in very large colonies w/ hundreds of monogamous pairs.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group:   Called: Cock Hen Squab Flock   Weight: 1-1.15 lbs 1.08-1.32 lbs   Gestation:   Life Span: 30 days Height: 1.4 ft 1.3 ft     Body Length: 1.4 ft 1.3 ft   8-10 years in wild, 12-15 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.4 ft Same
	Main predators are feral cats and rats. Pigs prey on eggs & young nestlings.
	Declining due to introduced predators, habitat loss, pet trade, deforestation, and hunting for meat/gizzard stones.
	They’re one of the larger pigeons.
	Like other pigeons/doves but unlike most other birds, female feeds young “crop milk.”
	Squabs stay in nest for up to 3 months.
	They only roost/breed on uninhabited islands.
	The male builds the nest and coos as part of a courtship ritual.
	They use gizzard stones to grind up harder food items.
Fun Fact(s):	They’re rather shy in the wild. Known to be very friendly in captivity.
	Research conducted by the Oxford University Museum of Natural History shows that this species is the closest living relative of the now-extinct Dodo Bird.
	When threating others, they make a pig-like grunt.
	Like other pigeons/doves, they don’t sip but suck up water.

This is my Lion-Tailed Macaque fact sheet!

 

ANIMAL:	Lion-Tailed Macaque    Macaca silenus
Type of Animal:	Monkey
Habitat:	Rainforest, evergreen forest, montane forest, tropical dry forest
Location(s):	W. Ghats of India
Appearance:	Dark-brown to black w/ prominent mane & tail tuft. Male larger than female.
Food/Diet:	Fruit, leaves, berries, seeds, insects, fungi, buds, flowers, leaves, stems, veggies, legumes, grains, shoots, pith, spiders, eggs, frogs, insect larvae, small birds, nuts, worms, lizards, roots
Status in Wild:	Endangered
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos, wildlife parks & breeding centers
Lifestyle:	Usually found in troops of a male w/ 11-23 females & offspring. Other males form smaller bachelor troops.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group:   Called: Male Female Infant Troop   Weight: 11-22 lbs 4.4-13 lbs 3.5 lbs Gestation:   Life Span: 6 months Height: 1.67-2 ft 1.37-1.5 ft     Body Length: 1.67-2 ft 1.37-1.5 ft   20 years in wild, 30 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.78-1.28 ft 0.82-1.04 ft
	Main predators are pythons, birds of prey, tigers, leopards, and dholes.
	Endangered due to logging, habitat loss, pet trade, and hunting for use for meat/medicinal purposes/fur.
	Females sexually mature at 4 years, males at 6 years.
	Fights between alpha males of different troops sometimes result in death from canine teeth wounds. The alpha male usually defends the troop’s territory.
	They smack their lips to greet one another and yawn to show dominance. They have up to 17 different vocal patterns.
	They’re diurnal, generally active during the day.
	When the female’s in heat, an area under her tail swells up.
	They generally stay high in the canopy.
	Females almost always only have 1 offspring at a time.
	Females remain in same troop for life, while young males disperse w/ other young males.
Fun Fact(s):	While shier than other macaques, they’re still fierce if cornered using their sharp canine teeth. They also don’t make good pets.
	Due to its mane, it is sometimes called a “beard ape.”

This is my Sulawesi/Celebes Macaque fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Sulawesi/Celebes Macaque    Macaca nigra
Type of Animal:	Monkey
Habitat:	Rainforest, montane forest, forest clearings
Location(s):	Sulawesi & neighboring islands
Appearance:	Black w/ prominent cheeks & “mohawk.” Males larger than females. Very small tails. Pink rump on females swell up when in heat.
Food/Diet:	Fruits, leaves, buds, seeds, fungi, frogs, small lizards, roots, sprouts, insects, eggs, small birds, berries, grains, veggies
Status in Wild:	Endangered
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos, wildlife parks & breeding centers
Lifestyle:	Usually found in troops of a dominant male w/ up to 20 females & offspring plus up to 4 subordinate males.
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Male Female Infant Troop Weight: 19-22 lbs 15 lbs 5 lbs Gestation: Life Span: 5.8 months Height: 1.7-1.87 ft 1.46-1.87 ft Body Length: 1.64-1.87 ft 1.47-1.8 ft 18-20 years in wild, up to 25 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.06 ft Same
	Main predators are pythons and clouded leopards.
	Endangered due to habitat loss, logging, pet trade, persecution as crop pests, mining, and hunting for meat.
	Sexually mature at 4-6 years old.
	It is primarily terrestrial.
	They are one of the smaller macaque species.
Fun Fact(s):	Sometimes called a “black ape”, it is a monkey since it has a tail.
	Like other monkeys, they don’t make good pets. They can be fierce if cornered using their sharp canine teeth.
	They spend 60% of their day foraging.

This is my Bleeding-Heart Dove fact sheet!

ANIMAL:	Luzon Bleeding-Heart Dove      Gallicolumba luzonica
Type of Animal:	Pigeon/Dove
Habitat:	Rainforest
Location(s):	Philippine island of Luzon
Appearance:	Dark gray w/ light blue-gray forehead, blue-gray/purplish iris, white chest w/ trademark “bleeding heart” patch
Food/Diet:	Seeds, grains, grubs, worms, fruit, insects, berries
Status in Wild:	Stable
Conservation:	Breeding from zoos & aviculture
Lifestyle:	Adults form monogamous pairs, younger birds found in small flocks
Additional Info:	Males: Females: Young: Group: Called: Cock Hen Squab Flock Weight: 0.33-0.44 lbs Same Gestation: Life Span: 15-18 days Height: 0.5 ft Same Body Length: 0.82 ft Same 15 years in wild, 25 years in captivity Tail Length: 0.25 ft Same
	Main predators are birds of prey, snakes, civets, crocodiles, monkeys, monitor lizards & pigs.
	Adult males are very territorial, often killing rival males that stray into territory.
	Declining due to logging, pet trade, habitat loss & hunting for meat/feathers.
	Males coo to attract a female. Once paired, they stay bonded for life. However, they’re quite choosy about their mates and pairing attempts in captivity of incompatible birds has sometimes resulted in females being severely injured/killed by males.
	They often fake injuries in order to lure predators away from their nests.
Fun Fact(s):	These birds are very shy and secretive in the wild.
	They only leave the ground to nest.
	When threatened, they run away rather than fly.
	There’s a lot more to be learned about these elusive birds.